Retail
1) ShopperTrak RCT Corp. (Chicago, IL) tracks sales at over 50,000 retail outlets; reported that combined sales for Friday (November 23) and Saturday (November 24) grew 7.2% to $16.4 billion.
2) National Retail Federation (NRF) reported that more than 147 million consumers shopped over Black Friday weekend, a 4.8% growth from last year.
3) comScore, Inc. (Reston, VA), a leader in measuring the digital world, reported Cyber Monday online spending grew to $733 million, a 21-percent increase over 2006 and an 84-percent jump from the average daily online spending totals during the preceding four weeks.
Wednesday, November 28, 2007
Sunday, November 25, 2007
Top 30 Wealthiest Businessman in History
(in today's dollars):
1) John D. Rockefeller ($192 billion);
2) Cornelius Vanderbilt ($143 billion);
3) John Jacob Astor ($116 billion);
4) Stephen Girard ($83 billion) - banking;
5) Bill Gates ($82 billion);
6) Andrew Carnegie ($75 billion);
7) A. T. Stewart ($70 billion) - department store;
8) Frederick Weyerhaeuser ($68 billion);
9) Jay Gould ($67 billion) - financier;
10) Stephen Van Rensselaer ($64 billion) - land;
11) Marshall Field ($61 billion);
12) Henry Ford ($54 billion);
13) Sam Walton ($53 billion);
14) Andrew W. Mellon $48 billion) - banking;
15) Richard B. Mellon ($48 billion) - banking ;
16) Warren E. Buffett ($46 billion);
17) James G. Fair ($45 billion) - silver mining;
18) William Weightman ($44 billion) - malaria drug;
19) Moses Taylor ($44 billion) - Citibank;
20) Russell Sage ($43 billion) - financier;
21) John I. Blair ($43 billion) - railroads;
22) Edward Henry Harriman ($39 billion) - railroads;
23) Henry Huttleston Rogers ($39 billion) - Standard Oil;
24) J. P. Morgan ($38 billion);
25) Oliver S. Payne ($37 billion) - Standard Oil;
26) Henry Frick ($36 billion) - coke/steel;
27) George Pullman ($34 billion) - railroad sleeping cars;
28) Collis Porter Huntington ($33 billion) - Central Pacific Railroad;
29) Peter A. B. Widener ($32 billion) - streetcar tracks;
30) James C. Flood ($31 billion) - silver mining.
(source: "The Wealthy 100: From Benjamin Franklin to Bill Gates-A Ranking of the Richest Americans, Past and Present" by Michael Klepper and Robert Gunther (New York, NY: Carol Pub. Group, 1996)
1) John D. Rockefeller ($192 billion);
2) Cornelius Vanderbilt ($143 billion);
3) John Jacob Astor ($116 billion);
4) Stephen Girard ($83 billion) - banking;
5) Bill Gates ($82 billion);
6) Andrew Carnegie ($75 billion);
7) A. T. Stewart ($70 billion) - department store;
8) Frederick Weyerhaeuser ($68 billion);
9) Jay Gould ($67 billion) - financier;
10) Stephen Van Rensselaer ($64 billion) - land;
11) Marshall Field ($61 billion);
12) Henry Ford ($54 billion);
13) Sam Walton ($53 billion);
14) Andrew W. Mellon $48 billion) - banking;
15) Richard B. Mellon ($48 billion) - banking ;
16) Warren E. Buffett ($46 billion);
17) James G. Fair ($45 billion) - silver mining;
18) William Weightman ($44 billion) - malaria drug;
19) Moses Taylor ($44 billion) - Citibank;
20) Russell Sage ($43 billion) - financier;
21) John I. Blair ($43 billion) - railroads;
22) Edward Henry Harriman ($39 billion) - railroads;
23) Henry Huttleston Rogers ($39 billion) - Standard Oil;
24) J. P. Morgan ($38 billion);
25) Oliver S. Payne ($37 billion) - Standard Oil;
26) Henry Frick ($36 billion) - coke/steel;
27) George Pullman ($34 billion) - railroad sleeping cars;
28) Collis Porter Huntington ($33 billion) - Central Pacific Railroad;
29) Peter A. B. Widener ($32 billion) - streetcar tracks;
30) James C. Flood ($31 billion) - silver mining.
(source: "The Wealthy 100: From Benjamin Franklin to Bill Gates-A Ranking of the Richest Americans, Past and Present" by Michael Klepper and Robert Gunther (New York, NY: Carol Pub. Group, 1996)
Friday, November 23, 2007
Entrepreneur's Quiz
Entrepreneurship
The only ingredient that is both necessary and sufficient for starting a business is:
a. Money
b. Customers
c. An idea or product
d. Motivation and hard work
(source: www.ceoclubs.org)
And the Answer is?
The only ingredient that is both necessary and sufficient for starting a business is:
a. Money
b. Customers
c. An idea or product
d. Motivation and hard work
(source: www.ceoclubs.org)
And the Answer is?
Wednesday, November 21, 2007
Beaujolais Nouveau
Beverages
Beaujolais Nouveau released at 12:01 AM on third Thursday of November.
September 12, 1937 - L'appellation d'origine contrôl Beaujolais created (Beaujolais AOC); French certification under auspices Agriculture Institut National des Appellations d'Origine (INAO), branch of French Ministry of Agriculture, created July 30, 1935, to manage administration of process for wines; rules stated Beaujolais only officially sold after December 15 in year of harvest; November 13, 1951 - rules relaxed, Union Interprofessionnelle des Vins du Beaujolais (UIVB) formally set November 15 as release date for Beaujolais Nouveau; Vintner Georges DuBoeuf introduced Beaujolais Nouveau (made from Gamay Noir à Jus Blanc grape in Beaujolais region of France, authorized for immediate sale after fermentation); 1985 - date changed to third Thursday in November to take best advantage of marketing over following weekend.
(Les Vins Georges DuBoeuf) , Rudolph Chelminski (2007). I’ll Drink to That: Beaujolais and the French Peasant Who Made It the World’s Most Popular Wine. (New York, NY: Gotham Books, 320 p.). Dubœuf, Georges; Beaujolais (Wine)--France--History; Vintners--France--Beaujolais; Wine and wine making--France--Beaujolais--History; Beaujolais (France)--History. Cinderella tale behind success o Beaujolais Nouveau: story of wine, history of region, tale of peasant wine grower who became richest, most famous individual wine dealer in France.
Beaujolais Nouveau released at 12:01 AM on third Thursday of November.
September 12, 1937 - L'appellation d'origine contrôl Beaujolais created (Beaujolais AOC); French certification under auspices Agriculture Institut National des Appellations d'Origine (INAO), branch of French Ministry of Agriculture, created July 30, 1935, to manage administration of process for wines; rules stated Beaujolais only officially sold after December 15 in year of harvest; November 13, 1951 - rules relaxed, Union Interprofessionnelle des Vins du Beaujolais (UIVB) formally set November 15 as release date for Beaujolais Nouveau; Vintner Georges DuBoeuf introduced Beaujolais Nouveau (made from Gamay Noir à Jus Blanc grape in Beaujolais region of France, authorized for immediate sale after fermentation); 1985 - date changed to third Thursday in November to take best advantage of marketing over following weekend.
(Les Vins Georges DuBoeuf) , Rudolph Chelminski (2007). I’ll Drink to That: Beaujolais and the French Peasant Who Made It the World’s Most Popular Wine. (New York, NY: Gotham Books, 320 p.). Dubœuf, Georges; Beaujolais (Wine)--France--History; Vintners--France--Beaujolais; Wine and wine making--France--Beaujolais--History; Beaujolais (France)--History. Cinderella tale behind success o Beaujolais Nouveau: story of wine, history of region, tale of peasant wine grower who became richest, most famous individual wine dealer in France.
Saturday, November 17, 2007
Quote of the Week
Wall Street Journal (November 7, 2007)
Norman Peltz, , owner of Arby's (# 13 restaurant chain in the U.S.) through Triarc Companies, Inc. (holding company) and owner of 5.3% of Wendy's International Inc. (#3 restaurant chain in the U.S.), 3.5% of Cadbury Schweppes, 4.3% of Heinz and, reportedly, 3% of Kraft Foods (#2 food company by sales), through Trian Fund Management LP (hedge fund), said, "I found out early on that business is just common sense,". "It's about getting sales up and expenses down."
1962 - dropped out of Wharton School (University of Pennsylvania) at 20; 1967 - helped his father acquire food distribution businesses in Boston, Philadelphia and Baltimore; 1978 - sold the business; 1993 - acquired distressed conglomerate, sold everything but Arby's and Royal Crown Cola, renamed business Triarc Cos.; 1997 - acquired Snapple for $300 million from Quaker Oats Co., added fresh marketing, new beverage products, revived Snapple brand; 2000 - sold to Cadbury, with several other brands, for $1.45 billion. November 2005 - launched hedge fund to to target large, underperforming companies with good cash flow; work with, or apply pressure to, executives to improve operating results (Wendy's, Heinz, Kraft).
Norman Peltz, , owner of Arby's (# 13 restaurant chain in the U.S.) through Triarc Companies, Inc. (holding company) and owner of 5.3% of Wendy's International Inc. (#3 restaurant chain in the U.S.), 3.5% of Cadbury Schweppes, 4.3% of Heinz and, reportedly, 3% of Kraft Foods (#2 food company by sales), through Trian Fund Management LP (hedge fund), said, "I found out early on that business is just common sense,". "It's about getting sales up and expenses down."
1962 - dropped out of Wharton School (University of Pennsylvania) at 20; 1967 - helped his father acquire food distribution businesses in Boston, Philadelphia and Baltimore; 1978 - sold the business; 1993 - acquired distressed conglomerate, sold everything but Arby's and Royal Crown Cola, renamed business Triarc Cos.; 1997 - acquired Snapple for $300 million from Quaker Oats Co., added fresh marketing, new beverage products, revived Snapple brand; 2000 - sold to Cadbury, with several other brands, for $1.45 billion. November 2005 - launched hedge fund to to target large, underperforming companies with good cash flow; work with, or apply pressure to, executives to improve operating results (Wendy's, Heinz, Kraft).
Friday, November 16, 2007
Always Get Equity - 2
New York Times December 3, 2000
INVESTING: DIARY; 'Buy and Forget' Pays Off Big
By Julie Flaherty
Know that nice feeling you get when you find a forgotten $20 bill in the pocket of an old coat? Last week, a Massachusetts man had that feeling -- 200,000 times over.
The man, a 62-year-old salesman who wants to keep his identity under wraps, recently found that some stock he thought he had sold long ago had been quietly gaining value for 13 years. A week ago, it was worth about $4 million.
The investor said he bought 3,000 shares of EMC, the data storage company, on a tip from his cousin in 1987, but soon sold 2,000 of them to pay for his children's college tuition. He forgot about the remaining 1,000 until the state's Abandoned Property Division, noticing the inactivity, contacted him last month.
Sure enough, after spending three days in his cellar with a kerosene lamp, he found the still-sealed envelope with the stock certificates. The shares, for which he paid about $15.75 each, have split several times, making him the owner of 48,000 shares whose latest 52-week high was $104.94 ($5 037 120).
No sooner did he claim his property at the statehouse last Wednesday, though, than he saw EMC's share price slip along with the rest of the Nasdaq. ''I lost $600,000 in two days,'' he told The Boston Herald. ''But I can't find anyone to give me any sympathy.''
INVESTING: DIARY; 'Buy and Forget' Pays Off Big
By Julie Flaherty
Know that nice feeling you get when you find a forgotten $20 bill in the pocket of an old coat? Last week, a Massachusetts man had that feeling -- 200,000 times over.
The man, a 62-year-old salesman who wants to keep his identity under wraps, recently found that some stock he thought he had sold long ago had been quietly gaining value for 13 years. A week ago, it was worth about $4 million.
The investor said he bought 3,000 shares of EMC, the data storage company, on a tip from his cousin in 1987, but soon sold 2,000 of them to pay for his children's college tuition. He forgot about the remaining 1,000 until the state's Abandoned Property Division, noticing the inactivity, contacted him last month.
Sure enough, after spending three days in his cellar with a kerosene lamp, he found the still-sealed envelope with the stock certificates. The shares, for which he paid about $15.75 each, have split several times, making him the owner of 48,000 shares whose latest 52-week high was $104.94 ($5 037 120).
No sooner did he claim his property at the statehouse last Wednesday, though, than he saw EMC's share price slip along with the rest of the Nasdaq. ''I lost $600,000 in two days,'' he told The Boston Herald. ''But I can't find anyone to give me any sympathy.''
Thursday, November 15, 2007
Always Get Equity
New York Times (November 11, 2007)
SAN FRANCISCO, Nov. 11 - Bonnie Brown was fresh from a nasty divorce in 1999, living with her sister and uncertain of her future. On a lark, she answered an ad for an in-house masseuse at Google, then a Silicon Valley start-up with 40 employees. She was offered the part-time job, which started out at $450 a week but included a pile of Google stock options that she figured might never be worth a penny.
After five years of kneading engineers’ backs, Ms. Brown retired, cashing in most of her stock options, which were worth millions of dollars. To her delight, the shares she held onto have continued to balloon in value.
When Ms. Brown left Google, the stock price had merely doubled from its initial offering price of $85. So Ms. Brown is glad she ignored the advice of her financial advisers and held onto a cache of stock.
“I’m happy I saved enough stock for a rainy day, and lately it’s been pouring,” said Ms. Brown, 52, who now lives in a 3,000-square-foot house in Nevada, gets her own massages at least once a week and has a private Pilates instructor. She has traveled the world to oversee a charitable foundation she started with her Google wealth and has written a book, still unpublished, “Giigle: How I Got Lucky Massaging Google.”
As the stock continues to defy gravity, Ms. Brown, whose foundation has its assets in Google stock, can be more generous with her charity. “It seems that every time I give some away, it just keeps filling up again,” she said. “It’s like an overflowing pot.”
When Google’s stock topped $700 a share last week (all-time high of $747.24 on November 6)
before dropping back to $664 on Friday, outside shareholders were not the only ones smiling. According to documents filed on Wednesday with the Securities and Exchange Commission, Google employees and former employees are holding options they can cash in worth about $2.1 billion. In addition, current employees are sitting on stock and unvested options, or options they cannot immediately cash in, that together have a value of about $4.1 billion.
Although no one keeps an official count of Google millionaires, it is estimated that 1,000 people each have more than $5 million worth of Google shares from stock grants and stock options.
The rise in Google’s stock is affecting the deepest reaches of the company. The number of options granted to new employees at Google usually depends on the position and the salary level at which the employee is hired, and the value is usually based on the price of the stock at the start of employment.
The average options grant for a new Google employee - or “Noogler” - who started in November 2006 was 685 shares at a price of roughly $475 a share. They also would have received, on average, 230 shares of stock outright that will vest over a number of years.
SAN FRANCISCO, Nov. 11 - Bonnie Brown was fresh from a nasty divorce in 1999, living with her sister and uncertain of her future. On a lark, she answered an ad for an in-house masseuse at Google, then a Silicon Valley start-up with 40 employees. She was offered the part-time job, which started out at $450 a week but included a pile of Google stock options that she figured might never be worth a penny.
After five years of kneading engineers’ backs, Ms. Brown retired, cashing in most of her stock options, which were worth millions of dollars. To her delight, the shares she held onto have continued to balloon in value.
When Ms. Brown left Google, the stock price had merely doubled from its initial offering price of $85. So Ms. Brown is glad she ignored the advice of her financial advisers and held onto a cache of stock.
“I’m happy I saved enough stock for a rainy day, and lately it’s been pouring,” said Ms. Brown, 52, who now lives in a 3,000-square-foot house in Nevada, gets her own massages at least once a week and has a private Pilates instructor. She has traveled the world to oversee a charitable foundation she started with her Google wealth and has written a book, still unpublished, “Giigle: How I Got Lucky Massaging Google.”
As the stock continues to defy gravity, Ms. Brown, whose foundation has its assets in Google stock, can be more generous with her charity. “It seems that every time I give some away, it just keeps filling up again,” she said. “It’s like an overflowing pot.”
When Google’s stock topped $700 a share last week (all-time high of $747.24 on November 6)
before dropping back to $664 on Friday, outside shareholders were not the only ones smiling. According to documents filed on Wednesday with the Securities and Exchange Commission, Google employees and former employees are holding options they can cash in worth about $2.1 billion. In addition, current employees are sitting on stock and unvested options, or options they cannot immediately cash in, that together have a value of about $4.1 billion.
Although no one keeps an official count of Google millionaires, it is estimated that 1,000 people each have more than $5 million worth of Google shares from stock grants and stock options.
The rise in Google’s stock is affecting the deepest reaches of the company. The number of options granted to new employees at Google usually depends on the position and the salary level at which the employee is hired, and the value is usually based on the price of the stock at the start of employment.
The average options grant for a new Google employee - or “Noogler” - who started in November 2006 was 685 shares at a price of roughly $475 a share. They also would have received, on average, 230 shares of stock outright that will vest over a number of years.
Wednesday, November 14, 2007
Computers
October 22, 2007 - Apple Computer reported better-than-expected fourth quarter earnings (profit rose 67 percent year over year to $1.01 per share on revenue of $6.22 billion), stock rose to all time high just above $189 per share, market value reached $161 billion = most valuable computer maker, 4th most valuable technology company: Microsoft ($329 billion), Google ($211 billion), Cisco Systems ($195 billion).
October 22, 2007 - Apple Computer reported better-than-expected fourth quarter earnings (profit rose 67 percent year over year to $1.01 per share on revenue of $6.22 billion), stock rose to all time high just above $189 per share, market value reached $161 billion = most valuable computer maker, 4th most valuable technology company: Microsoft ($329 billion), Google ($211 billion), Cisco Systems ($195 billion).
Sunday, November 11, 2007
Business Services
November 7, 2007 - Visa agreed to pay $2.1 billion to American Express to settle damages related to a 2004 antitrust lawsuit; claimed that Visa and MasterCard barred member banks from offering their customers credit cards which could be used on rival payment networks, in violation of antitrust law; believed to be largest amount ever paid to resolve antitrust violation.
Mergers & Acquisitions
Biggest of All Time (as of 2005)
1. Vodafone AirTouch acquired Mannesmann (November 14, 1999) for $179.86 billion
2. America Online acquired Time Warner (January 10, 2000) for $164.75 billion
3. Pfizer acquired Warner-Lambert (November 4, 1999) for $89.17 billion
4. Exxon acquired Mobil (December 1, 1998) for $78.95 billion
5. Glaxo Wellcome acquired SmithKline Beecham (January 17, 2000) for $75.96 billion
6. Royal Dutch Petroleum acquired Shell Transport & Trading (Oct. 28, 2004) for $74.35 bill.
7. Travelers Group acquired Citicorp (April 6, 1998) for $72.56 billion
8. SBC Communications acquired Ameritech (May 11, 1998) for $62.59 billion
9. NationsBank acquired BankAmerica (April 13, 1998) for $61.63 billion
10. Vodafone Group acquired AirTouch Communications (Jan. 18, 1999) for $60.29 billion
November 7, 2007 - Visa agreed to pay $2.1 billion to American Express to settle damages related to a 2004 antitrust lawsuit; claimed that Visa and MasterCard barred member banks from offering their customers credit cards which could be used on rival payment networks, in violation of antitrust law; believed to be largest amount ever paid to resolve antitrust violation.
Mergers & Acquisitions
Biggest of All Time (as of 2005)
1. Vodafone AirTouch acquired Mannesmann (November 14, 1999) for $179.86 billion
2. America Online acquired Time Warner (January 10, 2000) for $164.75 billion
3. Pfizer acquired Warner-Lambert (November 4, 1999) for $89.17 billion
4. Exxon acquired Mobil (December 1, 1998) for $78.95 billion
5. Glaxo Wellcome acquired SmithKline Beecham (January 17, 2000) for $75.96 billion
6. Royal Dutch Petroleum acquired Shell Transport & Trading (Oct. 28, 2004) for $74.35 bill.
7. Travelers Group acquired Citicorp (April 6, 1998) for $72.56 billion
8. SBC Communications acquired Ameritech (May 11, 1998) for $62.59 billion
9. NationsBank acquired BankAmerica (April 13, 1998) for $61.63 billion
10. Vodafone Group acquired AirTouch Communications (Jan. 18, 1999) for $60.29 billion
Tuesday, November 6, 2007
New Most Valuable Company in the World
Wall Street - Trading History
November 5, 2007 - PetroChina, subsidiary of China's state-owned China National Petroleum, first half 2007 revenues less than one-third of Exxon Mobil, debuted on Shanghai Stock Exchange (13% of available float), tripled in price, became most valuable company in corporate history with a market capitalization in excess of $1 trillion.
November 5, 2007 - PetroChina, subsidiary of China's state-owned China National Petroleum, first half 2007 revenues less than one-third of Exxon Mobil, debuted on Shanghai Stock Exchange (13% of available float), tripled in price, became most valuable company in corporate history with a market capitalization in excess of $1 trillion.
Monday, November 5, 2007
Creator of Budweiser (not Anheuser-Busch)
Beverage Industry
1876 - Charles W. ("Carl") Conrad, St. Louis wine merchant, contracted with Anheuser-Busch to brew "Budweiser" with imported (Saazer) hops and (Bohemian) barley, mash prepared by infusion (Budweis is name of small Bohemian city; introduced because of its Germanic sound, potential appeal to American and German migrants); 1870s - first U.S. brewery to adopt pasteurization; 1872 - first use of A&E eagle on packaging; July 16, 1878 - Charles W. ("Carl") Conrad registered "Budweiser" trademark (canceled October 21, 2005); April 29, 1879 - company renamed Anheuser-Busch Brewing Association; January 16, 1883 - C. Conrad & Co., bottler and distributor for Budweiser®, declared bankruptcy during "Panic of 1883"; April 24, 1883 - Anheuser-Busch acquired rights to bottle and sell Budweiser; March 2, 1886 - C. Conrad & Co. (Mainz, Germany) registered "Budweiser" trademark first used in January 1876 (lager bier only genuine as decreed by the courts original as decreed by the courts); 1891 - Anheuser-Busch Brewing Association acquired brand/trademark, ownership of 'Budweiser' name; July 23, 1907 - Anheuser-Busch Brewing Association registered "Budweiser" trademark first used in January 1876 (beer); January 15, 1918 - registered "Michelob" trademark first used April 15, 1896 (draft-beer); August 26, 1958 - registered "Bud" trademark first used in June 1939 (beer).
1876 - Charles W. ("Carl") Conrad, St. Louis wine merchant, contracted with Anheuser-Busch to brew "Budweiser" with imported (Saazer) hops and (Bohemian) barley, mash prepared by infusion (Budweis is name of small Bohemian city; introduced because of its Germanic sound, potential appeal to American and German migrants); 1870s - first U.S. brewery to adopt pasteurization; 1872 - first use of A&E eagle on packaging; July 16, 1878 - Charles W. ("Carl") Conrad registered "Budweiser" trademark (canceled October 21, 2005); April 29, 1879 - company renamed Anheuser-Busch Brewing Association; January 16, 1883 - C. Conrad & Co., bottler and distributor for Budweiser®, declared bankruptcy during "Panic of 1883"; April 24, 1883 - Anheuser-Busch acquired rights to bottle and sell Budweiser; March 2, 1886 - C. Conrad & Co. (Mainz, Germany) registered "Budweiser" trademark first used in January 1876 (lager bier only genuine as decreed by the courts original as decreed by the courts); 1891 - Anheuser-Busch Brewing Association acquired brand/trademark, ownership of 'Budweiser' name; July 23, 1907 - Anheuser-Busch Brewing Association registered "Budweiser" trademark first used in January 1876 (beer); January 15, 1918 - registered "Michelob" trademark first used April 15, 1896 (draft-beer); August 26, 1958 - registered "Bud" trademark first used in June 1939 (beer).
Sunday, November 4, 2007
Most Valuable Companies in the World
Wall Street - Trading History
Bloomberg Financial Markets reported that China now leads world in number of publicly-traded companies with market values in excess of $200 billion (8), U. S. (7), Western Europe (4), Russia (1).
October 17, 2007: 1) ExxonMobil ($525 billion; 2) Petrochina ($429 billion), 3) General Electric ($418 billion), 4) China Mobile ($37billion), 5) Industrial and Commercial Bank of China ($336 billon), 6) Microsoft ($285 billion), 7) Royal Dutch Shell ($271 billion), 8) China Petroleum ($269 billion), 9) Gazprom ($266 billion), 10) AT & T ($255 billion), 11) NP ($242 billion), 12) China Life ($242 billion), 13) HSBC ($227 billion), 14) Citigroup ($223 billion), 15) Bank of America ($223 billion), 16) Procter & Gamble ($221 billion), 17) China Construction ($220 billion), 18) China Shenhua Energy ($216 billion), 19) Bank of China ($209 billion), 20) Electricite de France ($203 billion).
1999 - Technology and communications companies topped the list .
1989 - Japan had 14 of top 20 companies (especially banks).
General Electric, Exxon, AT & T on all lists.
Bloomberg Financial Markets reported that China now leads world in number of publicly-traded companies with market values in excess of $200 billion (8), U. S. (7), Western Europe (4), Russia (1).
October 17, 2007: 1) ExxonMobil ($525 billion; 2) Petrochina ($429 billion), 3) General Electric ($418 billion), 4) China Mobile ($37billion), 5) Industrial and Commercial Bank of China ($336 billon), 6) Microsoft ($285 billion), 7) Royal Dutch Shell ($271 billion), 8) China Petroleum ($269 billion), 9) Gazprom ($266 billion), 10) AT & T ($255 billion), 11) NP ($242 billion), 12) China Life ($242 billion), 13) HSBC ($227 billion), 14) Citigroup ($223 billion), 15) Bank of America ($223 billion), 16) Procter & Gamble ($221 billion), 17) China Construction ($220 billion), 18) China Shenhua Energy ($216 billion), 19) Bank of China ($209 billion), 20) Electricite de France ($203 billion).
1999 - Technology and communications companies topped the list .
1989 - Japan had 14 of top 20 companies (especially banks).
General Electric, Exxon, AT & T on all lists.
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